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NCG在水產(chǎn)動(dòng)物上的應(yīng)用
更新時(shí)間:2025-01-15 關(guān)注:48
NCG簡(jiǎn)介及其作用機(jī)理
NCG是N-Carbamylglutamate的簡(jiǎn)稱,中文名稱為N-氨甲酰谷氨酸,它是N-乙酰谷氨酸(即NAG)結(jié)構(gòu)功能類似物,在動(dòng)物體內(nèi)可以像NAG一樣參與二氫吡咯-5-羧酸合成酶(P5CS)和氨甲酰磷酸合成酶I(CPS-I)的激活,促進(jìn)谷氨酰胺或脯氨酸合成瓜氨酸,進(jìn)而促進(jìn)精氨酸的合成,從而促進(jìn)尿素循環(huán),其作用機(jī)理如下圖1。
圖1.NCG促進(jìn)尿素循環(huán)
--引自亞太興牧技術(shù)團(tuán)隊(duì)
NCG應(yīng)用于水產(chǎn)動(dòng)物的理論基礎(chǔ)
科學(xué)研究表明,在水產(chǎn)動(dòng)物體內(nèi)存在著類似哺乳動(dòng)物的精氨酸合成途徑(麥康森等,2006),機(jī)理如下圖2。
圖2.哺乳動(dòng)物和水生動(dòng)物共用尿素循環(huán)通路
--引自BMC Biochemistry 2008,9-24
NCG在水產(chǎn)方面的研究進(jìn)展
近年來(lái)國(guó)內(nèi)外學(xué)者分別在多種魚類及甲殼類水產(chǎn)動(dòng)物中,主要有雜交鱘,雜交鱧,大口黑鱸,日本鱸魚,羅非魚,鏡鯉,大菱鲆,黃顙魚,南美對(duì)蝦,中華絨螯蟹等,驗(yàn)證了NCG在水產(chǎn)動(dòng)物上的功效集中在降低血氨緩解氨氮脅迫,促進(jìn)生長(zhǎng),降低死亡率等,改善肝臟抗氧化,提高免疫力,改善腸道健康等;詳見以下圖3。
圖3.NCG在水產(chǎn)動(dòng)物上的應(yīng)用及其主要功效示意圖
漁精元在水產(chǎn)方面的應(yīng)用效果
自2015年起亞太興牧技術(shù)團(tuán)隊(duì)聯(lián)合國(guó)內(nèi)外水產(chǎn)科研團(tuán)隊(duì)聯(lián)合研發(fā)并推出水產(chǎn)專用NCG產(chǎn)品漁精元,并且在多個(gè)物種上均起到了顯著的改善生產(chǎn)性能,降低餌料系數(shù)的效果,以下列舉了部分試驗(yàn)物種,包含大菱鲆、羅非魚、雜交鱧、南美白對(duì)蝦以及小龍蝦等,每個(gè)品種均做了添加量的梯度試驗(yàn),下圖中展示實(shí)驗(yàn)組均為zui佳添加量的漁精元組。
圖4.飼料中添加200g/噸NCG可以顯著提高大菱鲆幼魚增重率和蛋白質(zhì)效率,顯著降低飼料系數(shù)
圖5.飼料中添加250g/噸NCG可以顯著提高羅非魚的增重率,降低餌料系數(shù)
圖6.飼料中添加250g/噸NCG可以明顯提高雜交鱧的增重率、蛋白質(zhì)沉積率、成活率,顯著降低餌料系數(shù)
圖7.飼料中添加400g/噸NCG可以明顯提高南美白對(duì)蝦、小龍蝦的增重率,降低餌料系數(shù)
水產(chǎn)新產(chǎn)品研發(fā)
近日,山東農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)王教授一行參觀亞太興牧生產(chǎn)基地,并就NCG在水產(chǎn)上的功效給予了充分的肯定,對(duì)于NCG未來(lái)在水產(chǎn)領(lǐng)域的深入研究提出了寶貴的建議。此外,經(jīng)過(guò)細(xì)致的討論,雙方制定了進(jìn)一步的聯(lián)合研發(fā)計(jì)劃,希望在不久的將來(lái),亞太興牧為水產(chǎn)市場(chǎng)帶來(lái)效果顯著且性價(jià)比優(yōu)良的新產(chǎn)品。
圖8.山東農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)水產(chǎn)研究團(tuán)隊(duì)王教授參觀亞太興牧生產(chǎn)基地
亞太興牧
激發(fā)生命潛能
NCG產(chǎn)業(yè)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者
引自
[1]Liu, Zhiqiang, et al. "Dietary N-carbamylglutamate (NCG) supplementation improves the survival, digestive and immunological parameters by promoting ammonia excretion in Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis), under ammonia nitrogen stress." Aquaculture and Fisheries (2024).
[2]Li, Jinnan, et al. "Effects of arginine and/or N-carbamylglutamate supplementation on growth, biochemical composition and expression of growth-regulating factors of hybrid sturgeon (Acipenser schrenckii♀× A. baerii♂) juveniles fed an arginine-deficient diet." Animal Feed Science and Technology 285 (2022): 115246.
[3]Feng, Dexiang, Zhiguo Yang, and Ming Li. "Dietary N-carbamylglutamate supplementation improves ammonia tolerance of juvenile yellow catfish Pelteobagrus fulvidraco." Frontiers in Physiology 14 (2023): 1191468.
[4]Zhao HongXia, Zhao HongXia, et al. "Effects of dietary N-carbamylglutamate on growth performance, body composition, serum biochemical indices and anti-ammonia-nitrogen stress ability of juvenile yellow catfish (Pelteobagrus fulvidraco)." (2019): 5625-5634.
[5]Wang, Zhenlu, et al. "Responses of Micropterus salmoides under ammonia stress and the effects of a potential ammonia antidote." Animals 13.3 (2023): 397.
[6]Li, Pei-jia, et al. "Effects of dietary L-arginine or N-carbamoylglutamate on intestinal mucosal morphology and intestinal flora of hybrid snakehead [Channa maculata (♀)× C. argus (♂)]." (2022): 1836-1847.
[7]Cheng WeiXuan, Cheng WeiXuan, et al. "Effects of arginine on the regulation of the growth, the blood amino acid composition and the fat deposition in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)." (2015): 490-497.
[8]Zhao HongXia, Zhao HongXia, et al. "Dietary supplementation of N-carbamylglutamate and effects on growth, intestinal enzyme activities, immunological and antioxidant abilities of juvenile yellow catfish (Pelteobagrus fulvidraco)." (2019): 1250-1260.
[9]Wang, Liansheng, et al. "Effect of N-carbamoylglutamate supplementation on the growth performance, antioxidant status and immune response of mirror carp (Cyprinus carpio) fed an arginine-deficient diet." Fish & shellfish immunology 84 (2019): 280-289.
[10]Li, Wei, et al. "Dietary supplementation of N-carbamylglutamate promotes growth performance by modulating the homeostasis of gut microbiota in tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)." Aquaculture Reports 20 (2021): 100750.
[11]左然濤,李敏,李廣,等. 飼料中添加N-氨甲酰谷氨酸對(duì)中間球海膽成膽生長(zhǎng)、性腺發(fā)育、消化酶活力和免疫性能的影響[J]. 飼料工業(yè),2017,38(10):1-4. DOI:10.13302/j.cnki.fi.2017.10.00
[12]Caldovic, Ljubica, and Mendel Tuchman. "N-acetylglutamate and its changing role through evolution." Biochemical Journal 372.2 (2003): 279-290.
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